DMPL Dollars
Popular and Rare

By Don Rinkor (September 12, 2008)

One of the strongest and best performing segments of the rare coin market has been DMPL Morgan Dollars. Almost weekly for the past few years, the Greysheet has mentioned the strong demand and higher prices for these amazing numismatic jewels. Population levels for many dates have not changed in almost a decade. Even dates that are considered more common have only increased slightly. With the limited number of certified DMPL Dollars available to the marketplace, and the number of sharp collectors and investors increasing the demand, you can well imagine the "Perfect Storm". Population levels mentioned in this article are based on the PCGS report for June 2008.

DMPL represents the abbreviation for Deep Mirror Proof-Like, and this designation is awarded to Morgan Dollars that possess a minimum of 4" of clear reflection in the fields. The PL designation for Proof-Like is given for coins that have only 2" to 4" of reflection. While the determination for either is somewhat subjective, the grading services have become much more conservative over the past several years. Because of this, fewer DMPL Dollars have been certified as such.

While you will find a few PL and DMPL coins in other denominations, the Morgan Dollar series has shown to have reduced the greatest number of Proof-Like business strikes. Even among the other Dollars struck in the past 200+ years, you will find only a few Seated Liberty or Trade Dollars with Proof-Like characteristics. Small Size Gold coins may also be found with PL and DMPL surfaces. These too are quite rare but not designated as Proof-Like by PCGS.

How does a business strike Silver Dollar made for general circulation look like a Proof coin? The process used at the Mint to produce circulating Dollars included the polishing of the dies on a regular basis. Each time the dies were polished, the first couple hundred Dollars would be struck with Proof-Like fields. As more Dollars were struck, the dies became less polished, and the subsequent Dollars had a frostier surface. Each time a freshly prepared die was replaced, a similar result would occur. Several dates in the series show visible flaws because of too much die polishing. This will often result in a coin being graded only PL rather than DMPL since this will affect the reflection of the mirrored fields. Die polishing looks like very fine lines all running the same direction which are raised on the coin and should not be confused with hairlines from mishandling or cleaning.

Not all dates in the Morgan Dollar series are represented by PLs or DMPLs. Die preparation was not consistent over the 28 different years the Mint struck Morgan Dollars. Add to this the fact that dollars were struck at 5 different mints. The cleaning process of the planchets, striking pressure of the equipment, and other factors were constantly changing. The end result is that some dates will have quite a number of Proof-Likes while others will have few.

It is amazing to consider how these incredible Dollars were able to survive the handling of Mint employees and being transported around the country in horse drawn wagons. The minor contact marks that are visible on Mint State Dollars, with frosted surfaces, are magnified on a Dollar with reflective fields. Few DMPL Dollars exist in MS66 or higher because of this. While grading standards are the same for both DMPL and non DMPL Dollars, one has a very significant disadvantage for survival in high grade.

7-Year DMPL PCGS Population
2001 2008 Population Change
Date MS64 MS65 MS64 MS65 MS64 MS65
1878-CC 102 31 113 31 11 No Change
1878-S 40 12 51 15 11 3
1879-CC 24 2 19 2 -5 No Change
1879-CC C/D 3 0 4 0 1 No Change
1879-O 21 2 28 2 7 No Change
1880 61 23 74 28 13 5
1880-CC 71 27 67 24 -4 -3
1880-O 32 1 38 1 6 No Change
1881-O 78 4 115 5 37 1
1882-O 93 15 134 20 41 5
1882-S 78 31 76 31 -2 No Change
1887-O 57 4 80 6 23 2
1887-S 20 1 23 1 3 No Change
1888-S 31 4 43 5 12 1
1889-O 15 1 19 0 4 -1
1890-S 20 6 25 8 5 2
1892-CC 30 2 28 2 -2 No Change
1895-S 21 0 21 0 No Change No Change
1898-S 28 6 27 7 -1 1
1899-S 20 2 23 2 3 No Change
1900-O 15 11 15 14 No Change 3
1901-O 18 11 17 11 -1 No Change
1902-O 24 4 25 4 1 No Change
1903-O 26 9 29 10 3 1

The absolute king of DMPL Dollars is the handful of coins described as "Black & White". This description is used for coins that display intense frost on the devices and ultra deep mirrors. The coin looks like the frosted devices are floating on a black sea. Stunning to behold and prized by DMPL Dollar collectors, these are extremely rare and represent only a few coins out of a hundred on average. Values will often run at multiples of Bid levels compared to examples that are not Black & White. The availability of these treasured B & W DMPLs is extremely limited, and they are seldom offered for sale.

Morgan Dollars from 1896 to 1904 will rarely display much in the way of contrast. While you may find a few "O" Mint Dollars sporting cameos, most dates have little to none. A coin in this date range with strong contrast will bring many multiples of Bid levels, as they are very rare. Without the cameo look to these later dates, the Dollars tend to be a bit boring in the eye appeal department. While this may be the case, these dates are actually very rare, with miniscule populations. The entire post 1900 population in DMPL is only 201 coins in all grades, if you do not include the 1904-O. In the past 7 years, the population of post 1900 DMPLS has increased by only 9 coins. Did I mention these are rare? Even with the increased Bid levels, these dates remain significantly under-valued.

One might assume that the population levels of all dates in DMPL would have increased significantly over the past 7 years. This assumption would be incorrect. Here are a few specific dates in MS64 and MS65 DMPL to consider that show limited population increase in this period. Even some dates in MS64 DMPL have shown very small population growth.

As you may notice, there are some dates that have fewer coins than 7 years ago. This may seem odd, but coins can be upgraded, crossed to another service, or possibly removed from DMPL holders by PCGS because they don't meet current standards. Let's consider population growth for some of the more common dates in the series. Other than 1885, there have been few new DMPLS graded at these levels in 7 years. That is simply amazing when you consider how many Morgan Dollars were struck and survive in Mint State today.

The segment that has had the greatest increase in population levels is the common date Carson City Dollars in DMPL. The total Carson City coins graded as DMPL by PCGS has increased by 22% over the past 7 years. This compares to an increase of only 14% for all the other dates in DMPL over the same time period.

Even the slightly tougher date 1881-CC and the 1885-CC have increased by 23% and 34% in the same time period, respectively. The reason for these dramatic increases is obvious. A huge portion of the Dollars sold in the GSA auctions of the 70's were PLs and DMPLs. Since these coins didn't travel anywhere and sat undisturbed for almost 90 years, there are numerous Proof-Like examples. Many awesome DMPLs are still in the original GSA cases and have yet to be submitted for grading. This will mean that the population levels for the most common Carson City Dollars will continue to rise. Since "CC" Dollars are popular with collectors, their prices in DMPL have remained steady. Common date "CCs" have not increased in price at the MS64 DMPL level in the past 2 years. In MS65 DMPL, they have increased from 10% for the 1882-CC, to 25% for the 1883-CC and 1884-СС. This is a much lower increase than the non-Carson City Dollars. The 1885-CC is Bid at almost.9% lower than 2 years ago. The only other coins that are Bid at lower levels are Carson City Dollars from 1890-CC, and 1891-СС in MS63 and MS64 DMPL. The 1892-CC has remained at the same Bid levels in those grades. While Bid levels may be a bit soft on these dates, nice coins will still bring strong premiums. This is very evident in the 1890-CC to 1892-CC range, where a 15% to 20% premium is not uncommon. The 1883-CC Dollar in MS65 DMPL with 628 pieces is now the highest population date in that grade, exceeding even the common 1880-S.

Let's look at the high grade DMPL Dollars and the value they represent. You might think that 1,052 Dollars from all dates in MS66 DMPL is a lot of coins, but if you consider that only the 1880-S, 1881-S, 1883-CC and 1884-CC Dollars have populations over 100 coins in that grade, that is not a lot of coins. DMPLs represent only 1.9% of all MS66 Dollars graded by PCGS. The percentage in MS65 DMPL is similar at 1.8% of the total MS65 population. There are only 63 MS67 DMPL Dollars, and the 1880-S represents 26 pieces. That translates into 1% of the remaining date range MS67sgrading DMPL. Did I mention these are rare? Yes, I did!!!

We have seen the price levels for PLs and DMPLs explode in just the past couple years. Even what some would consider as common dates have increased over 40% since September of 2006. Many of the rarer dates have increased from 50% to nearly 300% during the same time period. Supply and demand is the name of the game here, and the supply is well short of the demand. If you consider that a common date 1880-S in MS65 is currently Bid at $139, you would think that a DMPL in the same grade would be worth over 50 times that price. That will represent $7,000 if you compare price to population. Is this crazy or what?

Nearly 4 years ago I wrote a similar article that was published by CDN. The article was titled, "Deep Mirror Proof-Like Dollars, Undervalued & In Demand". I guess that hasn't changed a bit, and in reality, the market demand has increased by multiples. With the advent of registry sets, the number of collectors has exploded. Add to this the casual investor and the guy that just loves to buy the prettiest coins he can find, and you can see the writing on the wall.

Another indicator that has substantiated the red hot DMPL market is with the major auction houses. The number of DMPL Dollars offered by these companies in their auctions has dwindled to where there may be no better or even slightly better date DMPLs auctioned. Even the common dates have declined in eye appeal over the past few years with attractive coins seldom offered. It is amazing to look over 500+ lots of Morgan Dollars and find only a couple coins worth buying. The end result is that the few attractive pieces will sell at very high levels.

Walking the bourse reveals the same sobering reality. Few, if any, really cool DMPLs can be found. Rare dates and even attractive common dates will disappear quickly when displayed. Because of this phenomenon, attractive PL Dollars are also seeing very strong demand. While not quite as dramatic in eye appeal as their big brother, PLs offer a solid buy if they have the right look. Population levels are so small on some DMPLs that the only possibility for some dates and Mint marks is a PL Dollar.

So, why collect PL and DMPL Dollars? The incredible beauty is, by far, the best reason. The added appeal of collecting what you love, and the potential for that passion to result in a good investment, does not always coincide. If you should choose to build a complete set of Morgan Dollars in PL and DMPL, you will need to be prepared for the adventure. It will not happen quickly, but the end result will be a very impressive and rare collection you can be very proud of. The key to collecting and investing in DMPL Dollars is to remember that it is all about eye appeal.

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Santa Rosa, CA 95403
707-546-2575